October backpack winner

Congrats to backpack winner of October: Kate Fortney! Midsci Barbara will be delivering your gift soon!

MIDSCI whitepaper on excellence in TPP tissue cultureware

Download MIDSCI whitepaper on excellence in tissue cultureware for primary and immortalized cell lines: http://bit.ly/VWqLDs 

September Backpack winner

Congrats to Morgan Roberson for being chosen as our September Backpack winner of the month. Your Midsci rep Barbara will be delivering your prize!

TPP featured in The Scientist -- September 2012

Congratulations to Roxanne Kellar of University of Nebraska Omaha on being July's backpack winner of the month. MIDSCI Nick will be delivering your gift to you :)

June Backpack winner!

Congrats to Carol Wasik from the Gift of Hope Lab for being the June backpack winner of the month. MIDSCI Gregg will be delivering your gift to you!

Social media and science (Part 2)

The opinions of graduate students in science have been solicited to determine how useful science in social media has been for them and how it can be improved.  Another perspective – the professor's – is considered as we wonder whether there are benefits for them to jump on the social media bandwagon as well.

Holly Akilesh, a graduating Ph.D. student in the Immunology Program at Washington University, has used social media in her efforts to find a job.  Through Facebook, Holly contacted a former post doc from the university for advice on industry jobs, specifically asking what types of jobs are available, how to find a post doc position in industry, tips for shaping her resume to get noticed by employers in industry, and what kinds of skills companies would be looking for if she were to do an academic post doc.  LinkedIn is a large professional networking site and a popular option for students looking to build connections and find jobs.  Although Holly has not signed up for it, she can attest to its potential usefulness as a hub for job postings, as jobs she has discovered through a particular company's website can also be found on LinkedIn as well as other places such as the "Naturejobs" website.  Jen Yttri has recently graduated from the Immunology Ph.D. Program at Washington University.  She is pursuing a career translating science research for policy makers and the general public and is thus searching for fellowships, internships, and jobs in science policy.  Jen does use LinkedIn a bit.  She says, "I've been steadily building my connections there but haven't gotten connections in the right areas…yet!"  For the most part though, Jen has been using a more traditional, non-social media approach in her job search, such as websites, listserves, and personal contacts.  "I've had the most success with old fashioned word of mouth – talking to people I know in science (or other areas!) and having them send names along or job postings they've seen," she reveals.  It could be her specific field and type of job she is looking for, but in this case resources through social media have not immediately been the most useful method for finding job opportunities. 

 (Dr. Jen Yttri in image)

Both Jen and Holly are surprised that social media isn’t used more by companies or institutions.  Take Facebook for instance, used regularly by the vast majority of students.  Holly has yet to come across any companies or universities utilizing Facebook for networking in science, and she has been actively searching for jobs for awhile.  "It would be nice if it was used more.  It would be refreshing to see Facebook used more for professional development, more than just socializing," she says.  Examples are indeed rare, and MIDSCI is actually the exception; it has consistently used Facebook to post job openings, including a sales position at Implen in California as well as biotech positions at Diffinity Genomics in New York and Lamda Biotech in Missouri.  Jen thinks that for any organization, social media can be valuable in piquing the initial interest of students with a post or tweet followed by the cultivation of that interest in more in-depth content in the future.  Grabbing the attention of newly graduated professionals with diverse training goes beyond having a pool of candidates for a job; these individuals could contribute significantly in supporting an organization or advocating for its values.  And for students, beyond hearing of job opportunities, connecting with organizations through social media allows them to expand knowledge of a field, increase familiarity with key players and hot topics, as well as gain better insight into the specific skills to cultivate for advancing in a field.

An idea for how the Internet could be better utilized for students in networking and job searching has occurred to Holly recently during her job search.  At a post doc seminar she attended, a panelist had mentioned that she found her current position in the neuroscience field through posting her resume on a website checked by faculty employers who initiate contact if they are interested.  Holly thinks this type of job search should be used more ubiquitously in diverse scientific fields since it simplifies the process for students, and it could potentially be expanded to allow different types of employers the ability to look.  On the other end of the spectrum, students can also take a more active role in using social media to network.  For instance, Jen has heard that a good strategy for getting one's name out there is to read blogs of potential employers or perhaps those connected to these employers and then post feedback and comments.  Actions like this could lead to name recognition when students do send in their resumes.  "It's the high tech version of asking questions and talking to a presenter following the presentation," Jen says.  Or, she also suggests starting a blog about topics relevant to one's career and directing the website to potential employers, which could indicate knowledge and proof of interest in the subject, possibly allowing one to stand out amongst all the job candidates.

Though not all, or probably even the majority of, professors use social media in their professional lives, there are distinct benefits for doing so.  An example of a professor embracing the use of social media is Vincent R. Racaniello, at Columbia University Medical Center's Department of Microbiology & Immunology.  In an article he wrote for PLoS Pathogens, he lists the benefits he has personally encountered while blogging and podcasting about virology topics¹.  For instance, he has been able to reach a much broader and larger audience online than in the classroom.  Additionally, he has even obtained advice and help from people when he has posted about his research.  "Crowd sourcing can be used to accelerate science progress," he says.  Dr. Racaniello also states that "the time spent educating the public about science is a priceless investment," which might not yield tangible benefits but surely speaks to the professors who pursued careers in teaching and academia in order to educate those interested in learning.  The audience certainly benefits when experts in various fields take the time to engage in social media, as it is a convenient and free way to learn.  Based on Dr. Racaniello's experience, his efforts are greatly appreciated by readers posting insightful questions following his blog posts and listeners telling him of their desires to enter the virology field as a direct result of his podcasts. 

Using social media is a great idea for connecting people interested in the sciences on a global scale and allowing people in the field to network.  The world is experiencing a sort of revolution in education and professional development.  Social media outlets offer a chance for someone in Asia to listen to an American professor's podcast on a science topic any time of the day.  And, students can now use social media to advance their careers by searching through job postings or actively blogging about their fields.  There is still room for improvement, however.  Many companies and universities have yet to find a method of using social media that benefits their organization as well as their employees or students.  MIDSCI is making steps in a positive direction, actively promoting networking and connectivity in science.  For instance, MIDSCI uses Facebook to post stories from The New York Times or NPR to facilitate comments and discussions from scientists worldwide.  It also lets people know of job openings in local biotech companies.  It sees the importance of doing all this in order to ultimately make it easier for science to progress; we are no longer limited to seeking help or discussing science with labs down the hall or across campus but rather, global resources are at our fingertips.

1. Racaniello, V. R. Social Media and Microbiology Education. PLoS Pathog 6 (2010).

MIDSCI and Janji

We are SO super excited to announce that MIDSCI is working with Janji to plan our July facebook contest. Their goal "Run for another" is off to a running start and we are honored to support a local organization that is Paying it Forward! Stay tuned to the contest announcement later this month to win Janji Apparel and be part of this movement to give back to Haiti and Kenya!

Social media and science (Part 1)

The world of scientific research has been rapidly changing in the way it disseminates scientific information, with decreased reliance on print journals and a dramatic increase in the usage of online resources.  In addition to supplying articles online, publishers have turned to social media, defined as websites and applications amenable for interaction and communication amongst users, to actively entice the scientific audience.  Various science journals as well as organizations have been assessed for how they use social media and their effectiveness. 

The Science and PLoS series of journals illustrate this recent foray into social media, with the latter being arguably more creative at using it.  A perusal of the Science website reveals links to Facebook and Twitter, where the use of these social media sites focuses on news, articles, and job listings.  On Facebook, the majority of space is dedicated to posts with links to new issues of Science that are out or various interesting articles.  These updates should entice more people to read or be aware of the articles, but one can say that the information on Facebook is no more than what one would have gotten by scanning the Science website say, once a week, and a better job could have been done on Facebook for it to complement the main website.  On Twitter, there are also links to articles, many of which are the same as the content on Facebook.  Additionally, there are quick news updates of more general science as well as a few posts of other information related to the magazine or publisher, such as a mention of proposal submission for an AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) symposium, job listings related to the magazine, and contests for publication of an essay in the magazine.  

Upon analysis, it is clear that PLoS (Public Library of Science), the publisher of the PLoS journals, utilizes social media mainly to increase its visibility and self-promote.  Like the Science journals, it also uses Facebook and Twitter.  Its posts on Facebook and Twitter overlap in content, namely quick mentions of new blog stories, podcasts, or journal articles.  It is clever that PLoS uses Facebook and Twitter to promote its other social media outlets, namely its blogs and podcasts, because people who have already embraced the Facebook and Twitter trends are probably the most likely to check out additional social media content.  There are also re-tweets of news stories from magazines such as Wired that cite PLoS articles, another way to self-promote.  Additionally, there are a number of tweets touching on open access, such as how people could help the Federal Research Public Access Act, links to blogs not connected to PLoS that advocate for open access, etc.  As everything PLoS publishes is open-access, it is not a surprise to see the passionate support for the sharing of research on social media sites, which have been built on user interaction and communication.  PLoS also uses LinkedIn.  An interesting resource on this site is a helpful subgroup called "Meet PLoS," which is for those who want to connect with PLoS at conferences. 

Journals such as the Science and PLoS series have made admirable effort in trying to connect with the audience by social media, but are anything that they are doing working?  Discussing this topic amongst colleagues at Washington University reveals the consensus that if students are not already on social media, then they are generally unaware of journals' use of Facebook and Twitter.  If they do know of it, they still would not choose to keep up with journals through these social media outlets because it would be too much of a hassle to set up an account and learn how to use the websites just for updates from journals, most of them about new issues being released.  Perhaps new graduate students would be curious enough to sign up for updates, but older students who have been in a field long enough to know which handful of journals are relevant to their work and know when new issues of them are released simply do not need these updates.  For those casually interested in science but not in the field, the Facebook and Twitter updates would be helpful to keep up with the headlines and read snippets of research.  What would be much more helpful for students actually in the field would be updates about conferences and job opportunities, which are not the focus of what the journals are promoting on their social media sites.  If journals want to be a resource and a reason for students to follow them, then this is an avenue they should pursue.

Besides journals, there are organizations that could fill this hole and provide information about conferences or jobs.  Two of them were assessed for their use of social media to disseminate this information: FASEB and AAI.  FASEB (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology) is a coalition of biomedical societies and researchers that advocates for science progress and education.  Their role in sponsoring scientific conferences is directly relevant for graduate students.  FASEB utilizes Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.  Its Facebook and Twitter updates complement each other with links to its job center as well as job posts by other companies (Procter and Gamble for instance) in additional to interesting polls and news snippets.  On LinkedIn, one can send InMail to employees with job titles students are interested in for job inquiries and career questions, all in all making FASEB's use of social media very helpful for students seeking jobs.  AAI (American Association of Immunologists) is an association of scientists in the immunology field that publishes the Journal of Immunology as well as organizes scientific meetings, all activities that are directly relevant to students hoping to publish well and attend conferences to learn and network.  Its use of Facebook has benefits for students who pay attention; for instance there are notices about travel grants, links to apply for the AAI Public Policy Fellows Program, and mentions of speakers attending the AAI conference. 

Use of social media allows scientists all over the world to obtain information from other scientists and connect instantaneously.  While browsing Facebook looking at friends' profiles, we can at the same time see links to interesting science articles and discuss them with people from a different country, or notice local job postings and follow up on them.  Getting updates from Twitter can even be instructive, allowing us to not only get updates from friends we know, but to also keep up with our favorite science blogs written by people we have never met.  MIDSCI is contributing towards this social media revolution, actively promoting networking and connectivity in science.  For instance, MIDSCI uses Facebook to post stories from The New York Times or NPR to facilitate comments and discussions from scientists worldwide.  It offers people the chance to test new products from vendors supplying free trial kits to connect curious customers with companies manufacturing revolutionary products.  It sees the importance of doing all this in order to ultimately make it easier for science to progress; we are no longer limited to seeking help or discussing science with labs down the hall or across campus but rather, global resources are at our fingertips.

Congrats to Nicole Christianson from Vanderbilt for being the May backpack winner of the month. MIDSCI Toni will be delivering your gift to you!

In Person: Consulting for Career Enhancement - Science Careers - Biotech, Pharmaceutical, Faculty, Postdoc jobs on Science Careers

Such a great group started by Wash U. To all you Ph.D. candidates who want to learn what else you can do with your degree, read this article. Great going Keryn, Maximiliaan, Paul and the rest of the BALSA team!: http://bit.ly/JLJCen: In Person: Consulting for Career Enhancement - Science Careers - Biotech, Pharmaceutical, Faculty, Postdoc jobs on Science Careers

Laboratory plasticware – damaging to our experiments?

On one of my kitchen shelves sits a plastic food container discolored a reddish-orange from previously storing leftover spaghetti, a stain which no amount of washing can seem to fade it the slightest. From this, it is evident that plastics do interact with food products and the evidence is clearly visible in every kitchen around the nation.  Those of us in the lab use plastic tubes, flasks, and plates to store reagents or grow cells; even though the interaction between the plastic and our samples may not leave such a noticeable mark, it is still reasonable to think that some interaction occurs, potentially leaving contaminants in our samples and affecting our experimental results.  In fact, researchers have studied the effects that laboratory plasticware have, and the findings though troubling is extremely eye opening.

In a 2008 Science paper, researchers found diHEMDA and oleamide in water and DMSO/methanol, respectively, after these fluids were used to rinse plastic tubes.  Both were then shown to have an inhibitory effect on an enzyme, human monoamine oxidase-B. And, DMSO rinsed through plastic tubes could even inhibit GABA_A receptor-ligand binding due to the ability of oleamide to bind to the receptor¹.  In an even more recent story, Nature News reported in 2010 that plastic tubes release compounds that increase absorbance readings of the samples.  Mass spectrometry confirmed an increase of chemicals from the plastic leaching into the samples after tubes were heated (which can occur from innocuous activities such as centrifuging for longer periods of time) or when inorganic solvents were used².

Remarks made in a Nature News article and readers' comments on the website indicate just how prevalent the problem of contaminants from plastics is³. For instance, from the Nature News website, Yarek Rivers comments, "We had this very problem in our own lab, when chemicals leaching from plastic tubes increased the UV absorbance of our samples, and confounding nucleic acid quantitation.  Even very simple assays can be significantly impacted by these effects."  Additionally, it may not be safe to assume that experiments are equally designed and executed as long as both control and experimental samples undergo the same treatment or growth conditions in the plastic because the interaction with plastics can be variable.

A Nature reader, William Wustenberg suggested there is "wide variation in quantity and character of the leachables in supposedly identical materials" and "exposure of plastics to other compounds from processing, packaging, handling and storage can make a profound difference in the leachable profiles."  To prevent confounding or non-reproducible results, an idea would be to research what kind of chemicals could leach out of certain products, with information made widely available to researchers of course.  In support of this idea, Andrew Holt's lab, which authored the Science paper discussed above, found that colored microcentrifuge tubes seemed to be a source of contaminants affecting his experiments, with clear tubes eliminating the problem. 

Leading Tissue Culture plastic manufacturer TPP is fully aware of the interaction between cells in culture and their plastic environments that potentially dictate growth, propagation and senescence. They firmly declare the absence of any additives into the polypropylene manufacturing process and the use of only virgin plastics in the resin⁴. Other TC manufacturers also detail the effects of laboratory reagents on different types of plastic (polystyrene, polycarbonate, etc.) that could be very helpful for researchers⁵.  For instance, it cautions researchers that oxidizing acids attack polystyrene plastic whereas there is no effect on polytetrafluorethylene products.  A survey of additional laboratory plasticware providers reveals that companies are generally aware of this issue, and some have taken measures to provide more information about this issue.  One of the leaders in plastic bottle manufacturing informs customers on their website that "common additives [in the plastic] include stabilizers like BHT; lubricants like calcium or zinc stearates, colorants."  Additionally, "there may also be some monomer of the plastic available for extraction in the final molded product."  However, they reassure customers by saying that the "extractables typically occur in very low concentrations (ppm or ppb)," and that "even though a plastic contains an additive, it may not be extractable in a particular fluid" due to the requirements of being soluble in the fluid and being present on the surface of the plastic. 

Based on the information provided on the companies' websites, there are also plasticware manufacturers that go further, making an effort to decrease the interference of plastic with our samples.  TPP does this by "using ultrapure raw-material that is certified to be free of chemical softeners and additives."  Laboratory tips manufactured by Sorenson Bioscience also do not contain additives such as silicone, which had been used in the past to prevent DNA and protein binding to the plastic but was later shown to denature DNA. Rather, Sorenson’s method of preventing sample binding is to use a well studied and proven method called Low-Binding Surface Technology that involves bonding a proprietary polymer to the inside of the tip to create a hydrophobic surface, thereby decreasing the surface tension that promotes the sticking of DNA and proteins⁶. The polymer is not affected by chemicals or solvents present in samples, and there is no leaching of contaminants into the sample and interference with the experiment.  Perfect for quantitative assays, these low-binding surface products would solve problems of inaccurate measurements of protein or nucleic acid concentration, as mentioned by Nature reader Yarek Rivers. In blinded tests performed by an independent laboratory, these Sorenson Low Binding Tips as well as other manufacturers' conventional tips were used to pipet DNA or protein solutions and then washed with water.  The water, containing DNA or protein that had bound to the tip, was analyzed by spectrophotometry. Results from these tests confirmed that the tips work as advertised; the averaged absorbance values from 8 experiments revealed that Sorenson's Low Binding Tips have significantly decreased DNA or protein binding.  As a final example, Axygen's Maxymum Recovery products use an ultra-smooth mold and a modified polypropylene resin, with no chemical additives involved as well, to achieve a smooth pipette tip surface devoid of occlusions and cavities, thereby eliminating samples from sticking to the tips⁷. 

Current approaches to prevent the interaction of plastics with nucleic acids and proteins rely on unique and well researched technologies to aid something as simple as liquid handling in a laboratory as well as something as complex as growing primary cells isolated from adult tissue. Thus, there needs to be ongoing communication between the scientist community and the plastic manufacturing industry to aid efficient dissemination of information about which plastic products are most appropriate for certain types of samples.  Both scientists and manufacturers are ultimately working towards a common goal – ensuring the validity of ground-breaking findings and improving the reproducibility of data which must be repeated by different individuals and labs – and therefore ought to work together to achieve it.

REFERENCE LIST

1           McDonald, G. R. et al. Bioactive contaminants leach from disposable laboratory plasticware. Science 322 (2008).

2          Katsnelson, A. Plastics hamper DNA assays. Nature (2012). <http://www.nature.com/news/2010/100423/full/news.2010.200.html%3E.

3          Cressey, D. Why plastic isn't always fantastic. Nature (2008). <http://www.nature.com/news/2008/081106/full/news.2008.1212.html%3E.

4          FAQ, <http://www.tpp.ch/page/faq/index.php>.

5          Characteristics of Corning® Plasticware, <http://catalog2.corning.com/Lifesciences/media/pdf/CLS_AN_108_CharacteristicsPlastic.pdf> (2012).

6          Low-binding surface technology, <http://sorensonbioscience.com/lowbinding.cfm> (2012).

7          Maxymum recovery plastics, <http://de.vwr-cmd.com/ex/downloads/life_science/biomarke/0609/BioMarke_03.pdf> (2006).

Shrinking labs’ carbon footprint focus of sustainability competition | Newsroom | Washington University in St. Louis

Shrinking labs’ carbon footprint focus of sustainability competition | Newsroom | Washington University in St. Louis

April Winner

Congratulations to our April backpack winner Debbie Blackburn of Isto Technologies. Pete will be delivering your prize!

March winner!

Congratulations to our Backpack winner of the month: Liliana Marquez from Univ. Of Illinois-Chicago!! Your MIDSCI Lab Consultant Caroline will be delivering your gift to you!

Tread the Med

In an effort to promote a healthier and more active lifestyle, the Wellness Committee of Washington University School of Medicine has implemented an initiative called "Tread the Med."  Challenging us to incorporate more walking into our daily routines, the Wellness Committee decked the school with colorful posters outlining various walking trails, called MedPaths, conveniently located throughout campus along with the approximate number of steps and corresponding miles each trail entails.  Additionally, the Committee launched the Walk Star Campaign, a 100-day program in which participants aim to walk 10,000 steps (about 5 miles) each day.  To make things more interesting, the participants formed teams, tracked the number of steps they took with a pedometer included with their $5 registration fee, and uploaded their stats on the Walk Star website, which went towards their specific team's average number of steps walked.

Nancy VanderHeyden Campbell, a Senior Research Technician in the Department of Medicine, captained a team for the Walk Star Campaign, and she kindly agreed to share her experience and insights about the program.  She became motivated to form a team after reading an email from the Wellness Committee describing the Campaign and thinking what tremendous fun it would be to participate.  During the 100 days of the program however, Nancy did encounter some challenges.  Understandably, accomplishing the target number of steps was one.  "I definitely had to step up my walking to get to 10,000 daily," she shares.  And as captain, she also had to work hard to make sure all her team members recorded the number of steps they took on the website to ensure the team was getting the credit it deserved.  Anna McCulley, a Postdoctoral Research Associate also in the Department of Medicine, works with Nancy and was recruited to be on the team.  As Anna is a runner (one who participates in half marathons) and already leads a very active lifestyle, it may be surprising to hear that she signed up to do this.  Her reasons include thinking that walking would nicely supplement her training and, primarily, wanting to meet new people and get away from the stressful work environment.  Happily, Anna was able to do this and fondly reminisces about "getting together with people and walking and enjoying the team" during lunch hours.  Anna also has an interesting suggestion that ought to be taken into account the next time a campaign like this happens.  She thinks it might be a good idea to divide the competition into a walking-only component and one that incorporates more intense activity such as hiking and biking, thus attracting a broader spectrum of people.

The Walk Star Campaign concluded on January 5^th, 2012, and results reported by the Wellness Committee suggest the campaign was a success.  Over 1,800 walkers participated, recording over 1 billion steps in the 100 days of the challenge.  The numbers were quite astounding; the team with the highest step count, the Heavy Breathers, walked an average of 1,325,526 steps equivalent to 627.62 miles, while the individual who walked the most recorded 4,052,780 steps equivalent to 1918.93 miles.  In a nice gesture, all participants were recognized in a ceremony on Feb. 3^rd, 2012, and the top 10 teams and 10 individuals were also specially honored.  Another campaign is being planned for the spring, so those who missed out this time will get a second chance to sign up.

Winner for February

The winner of the February Back Pack is Becky Staerk of St. Louis Community College. Congrats Becky, MIDSCI Charlene will be delivering your gift.

Sciency New Year Resolutions

As we start the New Year, many of us will make resolutions to improve our lifestyles or ourselves.  To many in the Washington University science community, this is an opportune time to reflect on things at work we thought were unsatisfactory last year and resolve to do better in 2012.  These are science-related resolutions we have made and will hopefully keep.

Even when he doesn't ask for updates, keep my boss informed of any progress or technical issues with my research at least once a week.

-Peggy Ni, Ph.D. student in Immunology

Graduate in 12 months.

-Ben Xu, Ph.D. student in Immunology

Write for at least 15-30 minutes each day, first thing in the morning when I get into work.

-Nick Manieri, Ph.D. student in Immunology

Read a paper a day.

-Stephanie Rodriguez, Ph.D. student in Immunology

Publish my work and graduate.  Become more knowledgeable about how science is regulated on a national level, from funding and grants to education standards and health policy.

-Jen Lynch, Ph.D. student in Immunology

Get back into the lab [after the holiday break] and get the ball rolling.

-Brandon Holmes, M.D./Ph.D. student in Neurosciences

Stay more organized and efficient, so that we can continue to grow YSP by providing scientific experiences to the students/teachers of the St. Louis community.

-Jen Mosher, Coordinator of The Young Scientist Program